The gradual relocation of human populations from rural to urban areas, coupled with the overall growth of the world population, could add another 2.5 billion people to urban areas by 2050, with about 90% of this increase occurring in developing countries such as China and India in Asia and Africa. is expected. The increasing density in cities and the rapid development of technology have revealed a new concept, smart urbanization.
Smart cities (Smart cities) increase the quality of life of people with physical, digital and human systems compatible with the environment; offering a modern, competitive, functional and sustainable future; They are cities supported by advanced vital technologies. Today, with the increase in population growth rate, it has led to an increase in various problems in areas such as planning, management, security, transportation and regulation. As a result of this, the future planning of cities and the necessity of smart solutions have emerged and therefore the necessity of increasing the quality of life of people has arisen.
At this point, smart urbanization facilitates overcoming these problems and difficulties, provides new opportunities for urban problems to be solved faster and to create a better living environment by providing better services to citizens. The concept of the smart city was first proposed by the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) in 2008 as a solution to the 'smart world' strategy. Smart city refers to an application of the IoT system that connects public resources such as power grids, highways and water supply systems through various types of smart sensors.
There are many examples of smart cities in the world. For example, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Copenhagen, Dubai, Dublin, Kiev, London, Madrid, Gdynia (Poland), Manchester, Milan, Moscow, New York, Stockholm, Oslo, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai and Taipei all fall into this class. among the cities. In Turkey, on the other hand, although the smart city has not been fully established yet, initiatives are gradually spreading. Investments are made in smart city applications in metropolitan municipalities such as Istanbul, Izmir, Ankara, Bursa, Gaziantep, Trabzon and Kayseri.
Assist. Prof. Başak ÖZARSLAN DOĞAN
